Ethembele isikhathi eside ezintweni ze-thermoset carbon-fiber ekwenzeni izingxenye eziqine kakhulu zesakhiwo sendiza, ama-OEM asemkhathini manje amukela elinye ikilasi lezinto ze-carbon-fiber njengoba intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ithembisa ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo kwezingxenye ezintsha ezingezona i-thermoset ngevolumu ephezulu, izindleko eziphansi, futhi isisindo esilula.
Nakuba izinto eziyinhlanganisela ye-thermoplastic carbon-fiber “senesikhathi eside zikhona,” muva nje abakhiqizi basemkhathini abangacubungula ukusetshenziswa kwabo okusabalele ekwenzeni izingxenye zendiza, okuhlanganisa nezakhi eziyinhloko, kusho uStephane Dion, vp engineering ophikweni lwe-Advanced Structures yakwaCollins Aerospace.
Izinhlanganisela ze-Thermoplastic carbon-fiber zingase zinikeze ama-OEMs asemkhathini izinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kwezinhlanganisela ze-thermoset, kodwa kuze kube muva nje abakhiqizi abakwazanga ukwenza izingxenye ngezinhlanganisela ze-thermoplastic ngamanani aphezulu nangezindleko eziphansi, esho.
Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, ama-OEM aqale ukubheka ngalé kokwenza izingxenye ngezinto ze-thermoset njengoba isimo se-carbon-fiber composite ingxenye yesayensi yokukhiqiza sithuthukiswa, okokuqala ukusebenzisa ukujova kwe-resin kanye nezindlela zokudlulisa i-resin transfer (RTM) ukwenza izingxenye zendiza, bese emva kwalokho. ukusebenzisa izinhlanganisela ze-thermoplastic.
I-GKN Aerospace itshale imali eningi ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bayo be-resin-infusion kanye ne-RTM ukuze kwenziwe izingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo sezindiza ngendlela ethengekayo futhi ngamanani aphezulu. I-GKN manje yenza iphiko eliyinhlanganisela elingamamitha angu-17 ubude, nocezu olulodwa oluyinhlanganisela yokukhiqiza inhlaka, ngokusho kukaMax Brown, i-vp yobuchwepheshe ye-GKN Aerospace's Horizon 3 advanced-technologies initiative.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokukhiqiza okuhlanganisiwe kwe-OEMs eminyakeni embalwa edlule kuphinde kwafaka nokuchitha imali ngobuchule ekuthuthukiseni amakhono ukuze kuvunyelwe ukwenziwa kwezingxenye eziphezulu ze-thermoplastic, ngokusho kukaDion.
Umehluko ophawuleka kakhulu phakathi kwe-thermoset nezinto ze-thermoplastic useqinisweni lokuthi izinto ze-thermoset kumele zigcinwe endaweni ebandayo ngaphambi kokuba zibunjwe zibe izingxenye, futhi uma sezakhiwe, ingxenye ye-thermoset kufanele ilashwe amahora amaningi ku-autoclave. Izinqubo zidinga amandla amaningi kanye nesikhathi, ngakho-ke izindleko zokukhiqiza izingxenye ze-thermoset zivame ukuhlala ziphezulu.
Ukwelapha kushintsha ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana enhlanganisela ye-thermoset ngendlela engalungiseki, kunikeza ingxenye amandla ayo. Kodwa-ke, esigabeni samanje sokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ukuphulukisa kuphinda kwenze into eyingxenye ingalungeli ukuphinda isetshenziswe engxenyeni eyinhloko yesakhiwo.
Kodwa-ke, izinto ze-thermoplastic azidingi ukugcinwa okubandayo noma ukubhaka uma zenziwe izingxenye, ngokusho kukaDion. Angagxivizwa esimweni sokugcina sengxenye elula—wonke ubakaki wamafreyimu e-fuselage ku-Airbus A350 iyingxenye ehlanganisiwe ye-thermoplastic—noma esigabeni esimaphakathi sengxenye eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Izinto ze-Thermoplastic zingashiselwa ndawonye ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuvumela izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezimise kakhulu ukuba zenziwe ngezinto ezilula ezingaphansi. Namuhla i-induction welding isetshenziswa kakhulu, evumela kuphela izingxenye eziyisicaba, ezinokuqina okungaguquki ukuthi zenziwe ngezingxenye ezincane, ngokusho kukaDion. Kodwa-ke, uCollins uthuthukisa amasu okushisela okudlidliza kanye nokungqubuzana kokujoyina izingxenye ze-thermoplastic, okuthi uma sekuqinisekisiwe ukuthi ilindele ukuthi ekugcineni izovumela ukuthi ikhiqize "izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngempela," esho.
Ikhono lokushisela ndawonye izinto ze-thermoplastic ukwenza izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi livumela abakhiqizi ukuthi basuse izikulufu zensimbi, izinsimbi, namahinge adingwa izingxenye ze-thermoset zokuhlanganisa nokugoqa, ngaleyo ndlela bakhe inzuzo yokunciphisa isisindo cishe ngamaphesenti ayi-10, izilinganiso eziBrown.
Noma kunjalo, izinhlanganisela ze-thermoplastic zibopha kangcono ezinsimbi kunezinhlanganisela ze-thermoset, ngokusho kukaBrown. Nakuba i-R&D yezimboni okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo zaleyo mpahla ye-thermoplastic isahlala “isezingeni lokulungela ubuchwepheshe bokuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi,” ingase igcine ivumele onjiniyela be-aerospace baklame izingxenye eziqukethe izakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe ze-thermoplastic-nensimbi.
Isicelo esisodwa esingaba khona, ngokwesibonelo, kungaba isihlalo somgibeli sendiza eyodwa, engasindi esiqukethe zonke izifunda ezisekelwe ensimbi ezidingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe umgibeli ukukhetha nokulawula izinketho zakhe zokuzijabulisa ngendiza, ukukhanya kwesihlalo, ifeni ephezulu. , ukuhlaliswa kwezihlalo okulawulwa nge-elekthronikhi, ukungafihli kwethunzi lewindi, neminye imisebenzi.
Ngokungafani nezinto ze-thermoset, ezidinga ukwelashwa ukuze zikhiqize ukuqina, amandla, kanye nokuma okudingekayo ezingxenyeni ezenziwe kuzo, izakhiwo zamangqamuzana ezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-thermoplastic azishintshi uma zenziwa izingxenye, ngokusho kukaDion.
Ngenxa yalokho, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-thermoplastic zimelana kakhulu nokuphuka lapho zinomthelela kunezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-thermoset kuyilapho zinikeza ukuqina kwesakhiwo namandla afanayo, uma kungenakuqina. “Ngakho ungakwazi ukuklama [izingxenye] zibe amageji amancane kakhulu,” kusho u-Dion, okusho ukuthi izingxenye ze-thermoplastic zinesisindo esingaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izingxenye ze-thermoset ezizishintshayo, ngisho nangaphandle kokwehliswa kwesisindo okwengeziwe okubangelwa iqiniso lokuthi izingxenye ze-thermoplastic azidingi izikulufu zensimbi noma izinsimbi. .
Ukugaywa kabusha izingxenye ze-thermoplastic kufanele kufakazele inqubo elula kunokuvuselela izingxenye ze-thermoset. Esimeni samanje sobuchwepheshe (futhi esikhathini esithile esizayo), izinguquko ezingenakuhlehliswa ezakhiweni zamangqamuzana ezikhiqizwa ngokuphulukisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-thermoset zivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezigaywe kabusha ukwenza izingxenye ezintsha zamandla alinganayo.
Ukugaywa kabusha kwezingxenye ze-thermoset kuhilela ukugaya amafiber ekhabhoni kokubalulekile abe ubude obuncane kanye nokushiswa kwengxube ye-fiber-and-resin ngaphambi kokuyicubungula kabusha. Izinto ezitholakalele ukucutshungulwa kabusha zibuthakathaka ngokwesakhiwo kunezisetshenziswa ze-thermoset okwenziwa ngazo ingxenye egaywe kabusha, ngakho ukugaywa kabusha kwezingxenye ze-thermoset zibe ezintsha ngokuvamile kuguqula “isakhiwo sesibili sibe sezingeni eliphezulu,” kusho uBrown.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana ezingxenye ze-thermoplastic aziguquki ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza izingxenye kanye nezingxenye zokuhlanganisa, zingavele zincibilikiswe zibe uketshezi bese zicutshungulwa kabusha zibe izingxenye eziqine njengezokuqala, ngokusho kukaDion.
Abaklami bezindiza bangakhetha ekukhetheni okubanzi kwezinto ezihlukene ze-thermoplastic ezitholakalayo ongakhetha kuzo ekuklameni nasekukhiqizeni izingxenye. “Uhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwama-resin” luyatholakala lapho kungashumeka khona imicu ye-carbon filaments enohlangothi olulodwa noma ama-two-dimensional weave, kukhiqize izinto ezibonakalayo ezihlukene, kusho uDion. “Ama-resin ajabulisa kakhulu ama-resin ancibilika kancane,” ancibilika emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu futhi angalolongwa futhi akheke emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Izigaba ezahlukene ze-thermoplastics nazo zinikeza izici zokuqina ezihlukene (eziphezulu, eziphakathi, neziphansi) kanye nekhwalithi iyonke, ngokusho kukaDion. Ama-resin ekhwalithi ephezulu abiza kakhulu, futhi ukufinyeleleka kumela isithende se-Achilles se-thermoplastics uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ze-thermoset. Ngokuvamile, zibiza ngaphezu kwama-thermosets, futhi abakhiqizi bezindiza kufanele bacabangele lelo qiniso ekubalweni kwabo komklamo wezindleko/izinzuzo, kusho uBrown.
Ngokwengxenye yaleso sizathu, i-GKN Aerospace nezinye zizoqhubeka zigxile kakhulu ezintweni ezisetshenziswa yi-thermoset lapho kwakhiwa izingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo sezindiza. Kakade zisebenzisa izinto ze-thermoplastic kabanzi ekwenzeni izingxenye ezincane zesakhiwo njengama-empennages, ama-rudders, nama-spoilers. Nokho, maduze nje, lapho ukwenziwa kwezingxenye ze-thermoplastic ezinevolumu ephezulu, nezindleko eziphansi kuba umkhuba, abakhiqizi bazozisebenzisa kabanzi—ikakhulukazi emakethe ekhulayo ye-eVTOL UAM, kuphetha uDion.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-08-2022